Health Vidya

In the treatment of parkinsonism. Rigidity and tremor relieved by the apparently selective depressant action. In the gastrointestinal tract to relieve pylorospasm, hypertonicity of the small intestine and the hypermotility of the colon. To relieve hypertonicity of the uterine muscle. To relax the spasm of biliary and uretered colic and bronchial spasm. To diminish the tone of the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder in the treatment of urinary tract disorders. To control the crying and laughing episodes in patients with brain lesions. In cases of closed head injuries which cause acetylcholine to be released or to be present in cerebrospinal fluid which in turn causes abnormal EEG patterns, stupor and neurological signs. In the management of peptic ulcer. In anesthesia to control excessive salivation and bronchial secretions. To control rhinorrhea of acute rhinitis or hay fever. As an antidote for pilocarpine, physostigmine, isoflurophate, choline esters, certain species of Aminata and in cases of anticholinesterase insecticide poisoning. In poisoning by the organic phosphate cholinesterase inhibitors found in certain insecticides and by chemical warfare “nerve gases”, large doses of atropine relieve the muscarine-like symptoms and some of the central-nervous-system manifestations. Adults suspected of contact with organic phosphorus insecticides of the parathion type should be given atropine sulfate, 0.8 mg, intramuscularly. If an atropine effect is not apparent within thirty minutes or if definite symptoms of the poisoning occur (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pupillary constriction, pulmonary edema, fasciculations of eyelids and tongue, jerky ocular movements, and excessive sweating, salivation, and bronchial secretion), atropine sulfate, 2 mg, should be given intramuscularly at hourly intervals until signs of atropinization are observed. Up to two or three times this dose (4 to 6 mg) may be required in severe cases. Removing contaminated clothing, washing the skin, and commencing artificial respiration and supportive therapy are also indicated.